Mathematics and Its History (3rd ed.)
by John Stillwell · Springer
Best choice for learners who want the mathematics itself, not only the narrative. Springer Undergraduate Texts volume that follows mathematical ideas from Pythagoras through calculus, complex numbers, group theory, topology and simple groups, with the mathematics worked out and exercises in each chapter. Assumes some undergraduate mathematics.
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Complete online text of all 13 books of Euclid's Elements with diagrams and a commentary on each proposition covering its logic, its uses and its history. A primary source for Greek axiomatic geometry.
A History of Mathematics: An Introduction (3rd ed.)
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Mathematics for the Nonmathematician
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Twelve landmark theorems, from the lunes of Hippocrates to Cantor's transfinite numbers, presented with their original proofs and historical setting. Readers follow complete arguments and see how mathematical questions arose from the concerns of their period.