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MIT OpenCourseWare is a free, open-access collection of MIT course materials spanning a wide range of subjects. It provides lecture notes, assignments, exams, and video lectures from MIT courses, including mathematics and number theory resources that can help you learn prime numbers.
More resources on Prime Numbers
Art of Problem Solving - Number Theory
Free resources and forums on primes
OEIS Prime Sequences
Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences for primes
Prime Pages
Largest known primes and records
Riemann Hypothesis - Numberphile
Explaining the Riemann Hypothesis and primes
Number Theory and Cryptography
A prominent expert in the number theory Godfrey Hardy described it in the beginning of 20th century as one of the most obviously useless branches of Pure Mathematics”. Just 30 years after his death, an algorithm for encryption of secret messages was developed using achievements of number theory. It was called RSA after the names of its authors, and its implementation is probably the most frequently used computer program in the world nowadays. Without it, nobody would be able to make secure payments over the internet, or even log in securely to e-mail and other personal services. In this course we will start with the basics of the number theory and get to cryptographic protocols based on it. By the end, you will be able to apply the basics of the number theory to encrypt and decrypt messages, and to break the code if one applies RSA carelessly. You will even pass a cryptographic quest! As prerequisites we assume only basic math (e.g., we expect you to know what is a square or how to add fractions), basic programming in python (functions, loops, recursion), common sense and curiosity. Our intended audience are all people that work or plan to work in IT, starting from motivated high school students.
Elementary Number Theory
Explore prime numbers and fundamental concepts in elementary number theory. Learn with Prof. Sutherland's MIT course!