--- title: Physics description: Physics is the fundamental science of matter, energy, space, and time. Learners will understand the core principles governing the universe, including mechanics, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, and quantum behavior, enabling them to solve complex physical problems. category: sciences subcategory: physics difficulty: beginner, intermediate, advanced url: /subject/physics --- # Physics Physics is the fundamental science of matter, energy, space, and time. Learners will understand the core principles governing the universe, including mechanics, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, and quantum behavior, enabling them to solve complex physical problems. ## Available Resources 3 Books • 36 Courses • 6 Websites ## Websites ### 1. The Feynman Lectures on Physics Caltech's free authorized HTML edition of Feynman's three-volume undergraduate lecture course, covering mechanics, electromagnetism, and quantum mechanics with the original figures and equations. Read for physical intuition and argument rather than as a problem-solving textbook. **Difficulty:** Beginner | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/ **Tags:** classical-mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum-mechanics, lectures, feynman ### 2. Physics Stack Exchange Moderated question-and-answer site where researchers and students answer conceptual and technical physics questions, with voting and citations surfacing reliable answers. Useful for resolving specific confusions and for reading how practitioners reason through problems. **Difficulty:** Beginner | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://physics.stackexchange.com/ **Tags:** physics, qa-community, problem-solving, stack-exchange ### 3. Khan Academy Physics Free sequence of short video lessons, articles and practice exercises covering introductory physics: kinematics, forces, energy, momentum, rotation, fluids, thermodynamics, waves, electricity and magnetism. Learners build the conceptual and problem-solving foundation expected in a first college physics course. **Difficulty:** Beginner | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics **Tags:** physics, classical-mechanics, kinematics, newtonian-mechanics, practice-problems ### 4. aps.org APS.org is the online hub of the American Physical Society, a leading professional body for physicists. It offers physics journals and research, current science news, and extensive education resources, teaching materials, and programs for students, educators, and researchers. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Language:** English | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://aps.org **Tags:** websites, science-research, physics ### 5. physicsclassroom.com The Physics Classroom is a free, student‑friendly resource offering concept‑based physics tutorials, interactive simulations, animations, and practice problems to build understanding. It covers core topics such as kinematics, dynamics, energy, waves, and electricity through guided lessons and quick assessments. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Language:** English | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://physicsclassroom.com **Tags:** websites, science-research, natural-science ### 6. phet.colorado.edu PhET Interactive Simulations from the University of Colorado Boulder provides free, interactive physics (and science) simulations that let learners explore core concepts—motion, forces, energy, waves, electricity, and magnetism—by adjusting parameters and observing outcomes. It also offers downloadable simulations and ready-to-use activities for teaching and learning introductory physics. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Language:** English | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://phet.colorado.edu **Tags:** websites, science-research, physics ## Courses ### 1. Physics of COVID-19 Transmission (MIT RES.10-S95) **Author:** Martin Bazant, Joey Gu, Alex Cohen Lightboard lectures on the physics of indoor airborne disease spread: how occupancy, exposure time, room geometry, ventilation, filtration, humidity, masks and respiratory activity interact. 49 short videos let learners estimate transmission risk and apply a quantitative indoor safety guideline. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/res-10-s95-physics-of-covid-19-transmission-fall-2020/ **Tags:** airborne-transmission, aerosols, ventilation, indoor-air-quality, transport-phenomena ### 2. Direct Solar/Thermal to Electrical Energy Conversion Technologies (MIT 2.997) **Author:** Gang Chen Nine recorded graduate lectures with slides on solid-state conversion of heat and sunlight to electricity: thermoelectric materials and devices, thermionic converters, photovoltaics, solar thermal collectors, solar thermophotovoltaics and spectral control. Prepares learners to analyze the principles and efficiency limits of these technologies. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-997-direct-solar-thermal-to-electrical-energy-conversion-technologies-fall-2009/ **Tags:** thermoelectrics, thermionic-conversion, photovoltaics, solar-thermal, thermophotovoltaics ### 3. Fundamentals of Photovoltaics (MIT 2.627) **Author:** Tonio Buonassisi Photoelectric conversion in solar cells: charge excitation, conduction, separation and collection; efficiency limits and loss mechanisms; characterization, manufacturing, reliability and life-cycle analysis; and solar markets and policy. Includes 26 lecture videos, tutorial videos, slides, and problem sets with solutions. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-627-fundamentals-of-photovoltaics-fall-2013/ **Tags:** photovoltaics, solar-cells, semiconductor-physics, renewable-energy, device-characterization ### 4. Systems Biology (MIT 8.591J) **Author:** Jeff Gore Cellular and population-level systems biology: genetic switches and oscillators, network motifs, cellular decision-making, pattern formation, cell-cell communication and evolutionary dynamics, with an emphasis on synthetic biology. Includes 24 lecture videos, problem sets and exams for learning to model genetic networks quantitatively. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-591j-systems-biology-fall-2014/ **Tags:** systems-biology, gene-regulatory-networks, synthetic-biology, network-motifs, evolutionary-dynamics ### 5. Cosmic Origin of the Chemical Elements (MIT RES.8-007) **Author:** Anna Frebel Twelve short lecture videos, about 1.4 hours in total, on where the elements came from: light nuclei made in the Big Bang, fusion in stars, supernova nucleosynthesis, and how spectra of the oldest stars record the universe's chemical enrichment. **Difficulty:** Beginner | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/res-8-007-cosmic-origin-of-the-chemical-elements-fall-2019/ **Tags:** nucleosynthesis, stellar-evolution, supernovae, big-bang, stellar-spectroscopy ### 6. The Early Universe (MIT 8.286) **Author:** Alan Guth Modern cosmology, beginning with classical expanding-universe models and moving to the particle physics of the hot early universe and cosmic inflation. Includes 23 lecture videos by the originator of inflationary cosmology, slide notes, problem sets, and exams with solutions. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-286-the-early-universe-fall-2013/ **Tags:** cosmology, big-bang, cosmic-inflation, early-universe, expanding-universe ### 7. Continuum Electromechanics (MIT RES.6-001) **Author:** James R. Melcher The complete 1981 textbook on electromechanical energy conversion: electromagnetic forces, charge relaxation, magnetic diffusion, fluid mechanics, and electrohydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic flows, with problem sets and solutions. Prepares readers to model coupled field-fluid systems such as transducers, induction machines and liquid-metal pumps. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/res-6-001-continuum-electromechanics-spring-2009/ **Tags:** electromechanics, magnetohydrodynamics, electrohydrodynamics, electromagnetic-forces, continuum-mechanics ### 8. Relativistic Quantum Field Theory I (MIT 8.323) **Author:** Hong Liu A self-contained first course in quantum field theory, developing concepts and basic techniques through applications in particle and condensed matter physics. 26 lecture videos, problem-solving notes, readings, and 12 problem sets with solutions take learners from canonical quantization toward perturbative calculations. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-323-relativistic-quantum-field-theory-i-spring-2023/ **Tags:** quantum-field-theory, canonical-quantization, path-integrals, perturbation-theory, particle-physics ### 9. Geometry and Quantum Field Theory (MIT 18.238) **Author:** Pavel Etingof A fully rigorous, mathematical presentation of quantum field theory: classical and quantum mechanics, 0-, 1- and d-dimensional QFT, supergeometry and fermionic field theories, and an introduction to two-dimensional conformal field theory. Lecture notes, an open textbook and problem sets. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/18-238-geometry-and-quantum-field-theory-spring-2023/ **Tags:** quantum-field-theory, mathematical-physics, supergeometry, conformal-field-theory, feynman-diagrams ### 10. String Theory and Holographic Duality (MIT 8.821) **Author:** Hong Liu Holographic duality (gauge/gravity duality, AdS/CFT) as a tool connecting quantum gravity and black holes, QCD at extreme conditions, exotic condensed matter and quantum information. 24 lecture videos, lecture notes, and problem sets with solutions for graduate students of theoretical physics. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-821-string-theory-and-holographic-duality-fall-2014/ **Tags:** string-theory, ads-cft, holographic-duality, black-holes, quantum-gravity ### 11. Quantum Physics III (MIT 8.06) **Author:** Barton Zwiebach Continues 8.05 with model systems of contemporary physics: perturbation theory, fine structure of hydrogen, two-dimensional electron systems, WKB approximation, lasers and particle scattering. 100 lecture videos, lecture notes, problem sets and projects equip learners to apply approximation methods to real quantum systems. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-06-quantum-physics-iii-spring-2018/ **Tags:** perturbation-theory, scattering-theory, wkb-approximation, hydrogen-fine-structure, time-dependent-perturbation ### 12. Quantum Physics II (MIT 8.05) **Author:** Barton Zwiebach The general formalism of quantum mechanics: Dirac notation, the harmonic oscillator, three-dimensional problems, angular momentum, spin, and addition of angular momentum. 26 lecture videos, detailed lecture notes that became Zwiebach's Mastering Quantum Mechanics, problem sets and exams. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-05-quantum-physics-ii-fall-2013/ **Tags:** dirac-notation, harmonic-oscillator, angular-momentum, spin, addition-of-angular-momentum ### 13. Introduction to Nanoelectronics (MIT 6.701) **Author:** Marc Baldo Builds current, voltage and resistance from atoms up: quantum basics, electronic structure of molecules, nanotubes and crystals, band formation, ballistic transport, a derivation of Ohm's law, and ballistic versus bulk MOSFETs. Includes the full open textbook, problem sets and exams. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-701-introduction-to-nanoelectronics-spring-2010/ **Tags:** nanoelectronics, ballistic-transport, band-structure, molecular-electronics, mosfets ### 14. Small-Molecule Spectroscopy and Dynamics (MIT 5.80) **Author:** Robert Field Gas-phase spectroscopy of small molecules: effective Hamiltonian models for rotational, vibrational and electronic structure, selection rules and intensities, assigning non-textbook spectra, Born-Oppenheimer breakdown, perturbation theory and Walsh diagrams. Provides 38 lecture videos, 49 lecture note files, problem sets with solutions and exams. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/5-80-small-molecule-spectroscopy-and-dynamics-fall-2008/ **Tags:** molecular-spectroscopy, effective-hamiltonians, perturbation-theory, born-oppenheimer-approximation, quantum-chemistry ### 15. Optics (MIT 2.71) **Author:** Nicholas X. Fang Geometrical optics (ray tracing, aberrations, lens design, stops, radiometry) and wave optics (polarization, interference, waveguides, Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction, image formation, resolution). Lecture notes, problem sets and exams with solutions teach the analytical and numerical tools used in optical design. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-71-optics-spring-2014/ **Tags:** geometrical-optics, wave-optics, lens-design, diffraction, imaging-systems ### 16. Nano-to-Macro Transport Processes (MIT 2.57) **Author:** Gang Chen Treats photons, electrons, phonons and molecules as energy carriers: energy levels, statistical behavior, wave and particle transport, scattering, the Boltzmann equation, and where classical heat-transfer laws fail at the nanoscale. 25 lecture videos, a 177-page lecture-note text, problem sets and exams. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-57-nano-to-macro-transport-processes-spring-2012/ **Tags:** nanoscale-heat-transfer, phonons, boltzmann-transport-equation, thermal-transport, energy-carriers ### 17. Quantum Physics I (MIT 8.04) **Author:** Allan Adams, Matthew Evans, Barton Zwiebach The experimental basis of quantum physics, wave mechanics, and the Schrödinger equation in one and three dimensions. 24 lecture videos, lecture notes, exams, and problem sets with solutions prepare learners to solve standard quantum systems and continue to 8.05. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-04-quantum-physics-i-spring-2013/ **Tags:** quantum-mechanics, wave-mechanics, schrodinger-equation, wavefunctions, uncertainty-principle ### 18. Introduction to Statistical Physics (MIT RES.8-010) **Author:** Mobolaji Williams A short introduction pitched at advanced high-school students: entropy from probability, the laws of thermodynamics, and the Boltzmann distribution for systems at finite temperature. Lecture notes, problem sets and a final exam, all with solutions, plus practice writing simple simulations of random events. **Difficulty:** Beginner | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/res-8-010-introduction-to-statistical-physics-summer-2018/ **Tags:** statistical-physics, entropy, thermodynamics, boltzmann-distribution, probability ### 19. Physics III: Vibrations and Waves (MIT 8.03SC) **Author:** Yen-Jie Lee Damped and driven oscillators, coupled oscillators and normal modes, mechanical and sound waves, electromagnetic waves, polarization, interference, diffraction and gravitational waves. 35 lecture videos, lecture notes, problem sets, and exams with solutions build the mathematical tools to analyze wave phenomena across physical systems. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-03sc-physics-iii-vibrations-and-waves-fall-2016/ **Tags:** oscillators, normal-modes, wave-equation, electromagnetic-waves, interference, diffraction ### 20. Classical Mechanics (MIT 8.01SC) **Author:** Deepto Chakrabarty, Peter Dourmashkin, Michelle Tomasik et al. First-year Newtonian mechanics in self-study form: kinematics, Newton's laws, momentum, work and energy, torque, angular momentum, rotation and oscillations. 205 short lecture videos and problem sets teach learners to apply force and conservation-law methods to predict how bodies move. **Difficulty:** Beginner | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-01sc-classical-mechanics-fall-2016/ **Tags:** newtonian-mechanics, kinematics, conservation-laws, rotational-motion, angular-momentum, oscillations ### 21. Introduction to Robotics (MIT 2.12) **Author:** Harry Asada, John Leonard Covers planar and spatial kinematics, motion planning, manipulator and mobile-robot mechanism design, multi-body dynamics, actuators, sensors and control design. Lecture notes, problem sets, programming assignments, exams and example projects prepare learners to model and control working robotic systems. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-12-introduction-to-robotics-fall-2005/ **Tags:** robot-kinematics, robot-dynamics, motion-planning, manipulators, mobile-robots, feedback-control ### 22. Engineering Dynamics (MIT 2.003SC) **Author:** J. Kim Vandiver, David Gossard Undergraduate MIT dynamics course with full video lectures, covering kinematics of particles and rigid bodies, Newton-Euler and energy methods, momentum, and single- and multi-degree-of-freedom vibration. Structured as a self-study version with recitations and problem solutions. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-003sc-engineering-dynamics-fall-2011/ **Tags:** engineering-dynamics, rigid-body-dynamics, lagrangian-mechanics, mechanical-vibrations, kinematics ### 23. Nonlinear Dynamics II: Continuum Systems (MIT 18.354J) **Author:** Jörn Dunkel Mathematical modeling of continuum systems through examples from physics, engineering and biology: dimensional analysis and scaling, fluid equations, waves, instabilities and pattern formation. Includes 25 lecture note files (about 113 pages of notes) and project assignments. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/18-354j-nonlinear-dynamics-ii-continuum-systems-spring-2015/ **Tags:** continuum-mechanics, fluid-dynamics, pattern-formation, dimensional-analysis, mathematical-modeling ### 24. Classical Mechanics III (MIT 8.09) **Author:** Iain Stewart Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics, constraints, rigid body dynamics, vibrations, central forces, Hamilton-Jacobi theory, action-angle variables and perturbation theory, with introductions to fluid mechanics, turbulence and chaos. Includes about 200 pages of lecture notes and problem sets. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-09-classical-mechanics-iii-fall-2014/ **Tags:** lagrangian-mechanics, hamiltonian-mechanics, rigid-body-dynamics, hamilton-jacobi-theory, perturbation-theory, chaos ### 25. Ultrafast Optics (MIT 6.977) **Author:** Franz Kärtner Generation, propagation and measurement of ultrashort laser pulses: dispersion, solitons and pulse compression, Q-switching and mode-locking, autocorrelation, FROG and SPIDER, amplifiers and parametric oscillators, and applications such as pump-probe spectroscopy and frequency metrology. Includes 13 lecture note files, problem sets and an open textbook. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-977-ultrafast-optics-spring-2005/ **Tags:** ultrafast-optics, mode-locked-lasers, nonlinear-optics, pulse-characterization, laser-physics ### 26. Mechanics of Materials (MIT 3.11) **Author:** David Roylance Mechanical properties of ceramics, metals and polymers and how processing and microstructure control them, plus continuum stress and strain, truss forces, shaft torsion and beam bending. Roylance's open textbook modules and problem sets prepare learners to design structures from a materials standpoint. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/3-11-mechanics-of-materials-fall-1999/ **Tags:** mechanics-of-materials, stress-and-strain, beam-bending, torsion, mechanical-properties ### 27. Introduction to Modeling and Simulation (MIT 3.021J) **Author:** Markus Buehler, Jeffrey Grossman Introduces continuum methods, atomistic and molecular simulation, and quantum mechanical modeling applied to engineering and materials problems, using web-based simulation tools rather than heavy programming. Includes 11 lecture videos, lecture slides and problem sets for hands-on practice with each method. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/3-021j-introduction-to-modeling-and-simulation-spring-2012/ **Tags:** computational-modeling, continuum-mechanics, molecular-dynamics, atomistic-simulation, quantum-mechanics ### 28. Nuclear Systems Design Project (MIT 22.033) **Author:** Michael Short Capstone group design project integrating reactor physics, particle transport, heat transfer, control, safety, materials and economics; this offering designs a nuclear power plant tied to carbon sequestration and fossil fuel displacement. Includes 4 lecture videos, instructor insights, and example projects and written assignments. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/22-033-nuclear-systems-design-project-fall-2011/ **Tags:** nuclear-reactor-design, capstone-project, reactor-safety, heat-transfer, energy-systems ### 29. Statistical Mechanics II: Statistical Physics of Fields (MIT 8.334) **Author:** Mehran Kardar Second semester of graduate statistical mechanics: collective behavior, phase transitions, Landau-Ginzburg theory, scaling, the renormalization group and critical phenomena in classical field theories. Includes 26 lecture videos, lecture notes, problem sets and exams with solutions, preparing learners to analyze universality near critical points. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-334-statistical-mechanics-ii-statistical-physics-of-fields-spring-2014/ **Tags:** statistical-field-theory, phase-transitions, renormalization-group, critical-phenomena, landau-ginzburg-theory ### 30. Statistical Mechanics I: Statistical Mechanics of Particles (MIT 8.333) **Author:** Mehran Kardar A graduate treatment of thermodynamics, probability theory, kinetic theory, classical statistical mechanics, interacting systems, quantum statistical mechanics and identical particles. Includes 26 lecture videos, detailed lecture notes, problem sets and exams with solutions, building the tools to derive equilibrium properties of many-particle systems. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/8-333-statistical-mechanics-i-statistical-mechanics-of-particles-fall-2013/ **Tags:** statistical-mechanics, statistical-ensembles, kinetic-theory, quantum-statistics, interacting-systems ### 31. Thermodynamics & Kinetics (MIT 5.60) **Author:** Keith A. Nelson, Moungi Bawendi Physical chemistry of macroscopic systems: the laws of thermodynamics, equilibrium properties, chemical equilibrium of reactions in gas and solution phase, and rates of chemical reactions. Includes 36 lecture videos, lecture notes and exams, enabling learners to predict reaction equilibria and analyze kinetic data. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/5-60-thermodynamics-kinetics-spring-2008/ **Tags:** thermodynamics, chemical-kinetics, physical-chemistry, chemical-equilibrium ### 32. Thermodynamics of Materials (MIT 3.020) **Author:** Rafael Jaramillo The competition between energy and disorder in materials: classical thermodynamics applied to phase equilibria, phase transformations, phase diagrams and chemical reactions, plus computational thermodynamics and an introduction to statistical thermodynamics. Offers 38 lecture videos, notes and problem sets for reading and constructing phase diagrams. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/3-020-thermodynamics-of-materials-spring-2021/ **Tags:** materials-thermodynamics, phase-diagrams, phase-equilibria, entropy, statistical-thermodynamics ### 33. Advanced Thermodynamics (MIT 2.43) **Author:** Gian Paolo Beretta A concise review of general thermodynamics leading into nonequilibrium thermodynamics: chemical and phase equilibrium, electrochemical potentials, kinetics, separation work, osmotic and membrane equilibria, and Onsager reciprocity. Includes 25 lecture videos, dense lecture notes and exams, with applications to cogeneration and energy-system efficiency. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/ **Tags:** nonequilibrium-thermodynamics, chemical-equilibrium, phase-equilibria, second-law-analysis, energy-systems ### 34. Unified Engineering I, II, III, & IV (MIT 16.01) **Author:** Mark Drela, Steven Hall, Paul A. Lagace et al. The sophomore aerospace core taught as one sequence: materials and structures, computers and programming, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, propulsion, and signals and systems. Includes 20 lecture videos, extensive notes, and problem sets and exams with solutions that connect the disciplines through engineering systems problems. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/16-01-unified-engineering-i-ii-iii-iv-fall-2005-spring-2006/ **Tags:** fluid-mechanics, thermodynamics, structural-mechanics, signals-and-systems, propulsion ### 35. Dynamics (MIT 16.07) **Author:** Sheila Widnall, John Deyst, Edward Greitzer Newtonian mechanics for aerospace engineers: kinematics, accelerated reference frames, work and energy, impulse and momentum, and 2D and 3D rigid-body dynamics, with orbital mechanics and attitude dynamics. Provides 32 lecture note files, problem sets and exams for building and predicting particle and rigid-body models. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/16-07-dynamics-fall-2009/ **Tags:** rigid-body-dynamics, kinematics, newtonian-mechanics, orbital-mechanics, attitude-dynamics ### 36. Physics I Five-week introductory sequence from BITS Pilani covering Newtonian mechanics, thermodynamics, oscillations and waves, and wave optics. Graded assignments push you to apply force, energy, and momentum analysis rather than only follow derivations. **Difficulty:** Beginner | **Language:** English | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://www.coursera.org/learn/general-physics-odc **Tags:** courses, science-research, natural-science ## Books ### 1. Building Scientific Apparatus **Author:** John H. Moore, Christopher C. Davis, and Michael A. Coplan A cross-disciplinary masterclass in the design and construction of specialized research equipment, from vacuum systems to precision optics. **Difficulty:** Advanced | **Language:** English | **Price:** Paid **Link:** https://www.cambridge.org/highereducation/books/building-scientific-apparatus/53C613A889A731F7B8C08795A74E5806 **Tags:** experimental-physics, instrumentation, optics, vacuum-systems, electronics ### 2. Physics for Scientists and Engineers **Author:** Raymond A. Serway Calculus-based introductory physics textbook covering mechanics, thermodynamics, waves, electromagnetism, optics, and modern physics. Worked examples and large problem sets build the quantitative problem-solving habits expected in university engineering and physical-science sequences. **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Language:** English | **Price:** Paid **Link:** https://www.amazon.com/dp/0030283787?tag=edmonddante07-20 **Tags:** books, science-research, natural-science ### 3. Six Easy Pieces **Author:** Richard P. Feynman Six Easy Pieces - A book resource **Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Language:** English | **Price:** Paid **Link:** https://www.amazon.com/dp/014027667X?tag=edmonddante07-20 **Tags:** books, science-research, natural-science ## Youtubes ### 1. MinutePhysics **Author:** Henry Reich Henry Reich's YouTube channel of short hand-drawn physics explainers covering special and general relativity, quantum mechanics, gravity, energy and thought experiments. Each video isolates one idea, helping viewers grasp the core concept and common misconceptions before studying it formally. **Difficulty:** Beginner | **Language:** English | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics **Tags:** physics, relativity, quantum-mechanics, physics-explainers ### 2. Veritasium **Author:** Derek Muller Derek Muller's YouTube science channel, built around experiments, demonstrations and interviews with researchers. Videos address mechanics, electromagnetism, relativity, mathematics and common scientific misconceptions, helping viewers test their intuitions against evidence and understand counterintuitive physical results. **Difficulty:** Beginner | **Language:** English | **Price:** Free **Link:** https://www.youtube.com/c/veritasium **Tags:** physics, science-experiments, scientific-misconceptions, physics-demonstrations --- *This content is part of Dantes.io - Your Treasure Map to Knowledge* *Curated by humans at Dantes.io. Personal study use welcome; republishing this curation requires permission (team@dantes.io).* View this page online: https://dantes.io/subject/physics