---
title: Memory
description: This topic covers how the brain encodes, stores, consolidates, and retrieves information. Learners will understand the different memory systems, the causes of forgetting, and scientific techniques for improving memory retention.
category: social-sciences
subcategory: psychology
difficulty: beginner, intermediate, advanced
url: /subject/memory
---

# Memory

This topic covers how the brain encodes, stores, consolidates, and retrieves information. Learners will understand the different memory systems, the causes of forgetting, and scientific techniques for improving memory retention.

## Available Resources

1 Books • 1 Courses • 3 Websites

## Courses

### 1. Learning How to Learn

This course gives you easy access to the invaluable learning techniques used by experts in art, music, literature, math, science, sports, and many other disciplines. We’ll learn about how the brain uses two very different learning modes and how it encapsulates (“chunks”) information. We’ll also cover illusions of learning, memory techniques, dealing with procrastination, and best practices shown by research to be most effective in helping you master tough subjects.  

Using these approaches, no matter what your skill levels in topics you would like to master, you can change your thinking and change your life. If you’re already an expert, this peep under the mental hood will give you ideas for turbocharging successful learning, including counter-intuitive test-taking tips and insights that will help you make the best use of your time on homework and problem sets. If you’re struggling, you’ll see a structured treasure trove of practical techniques that walk you through what you need to do to get on track. If you’ve ever wanted to become better at anything, this course will help serve as your guide.

This course can be taken independent of, concurrent with, or prior to, its companion course, Mindshift. (Learning How to Learn is more learning-focused, and Mindshift is more career-focused.)  A related course by the same instructors is Uncommon Sense Teaching.

To join the fully translated Portuguese version of the course, visit: https://www.coursera.org/learn/aprender
To join the fully translated Spanish version of the course, visit: https://www.coursera.org/learn/aprendiendo-a-aprender
To join the fully translated Chinese version of the course, visit: https://www.coursera.org/learn/ruhe-xuexi
To join the fully translated French version of the course, visit : http://www.coursera.org/learn/apprendre-comment-apprendre

**Difficulty:** Beginner | **Price:** Free

**Link:** https://www.coursera.org/learn/learning-how-to-learn

**Tags:** learning-techniques, memory, metacognition, procrastination, study-skills

## Podcasts

### 1. The Hippocampus

**Author:** Lisa Quinn

Grass-root conversations sharing strategies, tips and insights to help optimise learning at Medical School, University and beyond with as many ears as possible!

**Difficulty:** Beginner | **Language:** en | **Price:** Free

**Link:** https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/the-hippocampus-podcast

**Tags:** study skills, medical education, learning science, exam technique

## Websites

### 1. artofmemory.com

The Art of Memory is a comprehensive online resource focused on memory improvement, offering tutorials on mnemonic techniques (including memory palaces and the method of loci), articles, and a community for practice and discussion.

**Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Language:** English | **Price:** Free

**Link:** https://artofmemory.com

**Tags:** websites, personal-development, study-skills-learning

### 2. memory.org

Memory.org is a resource hub dedicated to the science of learning and memory. It features explanations of memory processes, practical strategies to improve recall, and up-to-date summaries of research and memory-related topics.

**Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Language:** English | **Price:** Free

**Link:** https://memory.org

**Tags:** websites, science-research, neuroscience

### 3. gwern.net/spaced-repetition

Gwern.net’s Spaced Repetition is a thorough guide and reference on memory optimization through spaced repetition. It gathers essays, research references, and practical guidance on scheduling algorithms and tools (e.g., SM-2, Leitner, Anki, SuperMemo) to improve long-term retention.

**Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Language:** English | **Price:** Free

**Link:** https://gwern.net/spaced-repetition

**Tags:** websites, humanities-social-sciences, cognitive-science

## Books

### 1. The Seven Sins of Memory

**Author:** Daniel L. Schacter

Harvard psychologist's account of seven characteristic ways memory fails: transience, absent-mindedness, blocking, misattribution, suggestibility, bias and persistence. Readers come away able to explain each error with experimental evidence and see why they are by-products of an adaptive system.

**Difficulty:** Intermediate | **Language:** English | **Price:** Paid

**Link:** https://www.amazon.com/dp/0618219196?tag=edmonddante07-20

**Tags:** books, humanities-social-sciences, psychology

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